Conductas alimentarias y calidad de sueño en adultos mayores peruanos

Introduction: Demographic aging presents significant challenges for public health, highlighting the interaction between nutrition and rest. In the older adult population, chronic conditions such as hypertension and obesity often coexist with circadian rhythm disturbances. In this context, it is essential to examine the link between eating habits and sleep quality in this vulnerable group. Objective: To determine the relationship between eating habits and sleep quality in older adults attending a club in Lima. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 80 participants aged 60 to 70 years, who were overweight or obese and reported variations in their sleep routines. Validated instruments were used to assess the independent variable, eating behavior (Likert scale 1–5, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.86), and the dependent variable, sleep quality (Adapted Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.88). The analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: 98% of older adults maintained healthy eating habits; however, only 46% reported adequate sleep quality, revealing a notable discrepancy. Those who reported better sleep showed higher percentages in nutritional balance (84% vs. 49%), regularity in meal times (72% vs. 37%), and consumption of minimally processed foods (81% vs. 41%). The correlations between these dimensions and sleep were positive and significant, with autonomy showing a moderate correlation (r = 0.44; p = 0.001). Discussion: The findings show a positive and significant relationship between eating behaviors and sleep quality in older adults, consistent with international research that highlights the coexistence of health behaviors. Conclusion: There is a relationship between eating habits, particularly when it involves nutritional balance and regularity, and better sleep quality in the older adult population.