Factores asociados a la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 de la población adulta peruana

Introduction: People diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a higher risk of mortality compared to people who do not have it, the main reason being cardiovascular diseases among other factors. Objective: To determine the factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Peruvian adults aged 18 to 59 years. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and relational study. The sample consisted of 1921 persons aged 18 to 59 years. The study was a secondary analysis of the 2022 Peruvian National Demographic and Family Health Survey database. For the statistical analysis, chi-square tests and fisher’s exact test were used to determine the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk factors. In addition, binary logistic regression was performed in which the dependent variable type 2 diabetes mellitus and the independent variables were age, sex, BMI, abdominal perimeter, fruit and vegetable consumption, hypertension and lifestyles; the data for these analyses were presented as odds ratio (OR) and their respective 95% confidence interval (95% CI). A significance level of p<0.05 was applied. Results: 45.2% were overweight and 29.4% obese, 48% showed an abdominal perimeter with a very high risk of presenting some cardiovascular disease. A total of 47.2% consumed fruit salad once a week and 21.1% consumed vegetable salad 7 days a week. Those aged 18 to 29 years had a lower risk of diabetes mellitus than those aged 30 to 59 years (p=0.002; OR=0.186). Likewise, the more hypertension the higher the probability of diabetes mellitus 2 (p=0.001; OR=4.913). Conclusions: The factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus were age and hypertension.