Implementación de sistemas de economía circular para la gestión sustentable del agua en la Industria Minera

The circular water economy in the mining sector seeks to maximize the efficient use of this resource by integrating sustainable practices into the various production processes. Among the most notable strategies are water recycling and reuse, advanced tailings dewatering, and wastewater treatment, all aimed at reducing environmental impact and promoting responsible water management. The objective of this research is to analyze the main strategies and methodologies associated with the circular water economy in mining. To this end, a systematic review of scientific literature was conducted, including academic articles, technical reports, theses, and government documents. These studies show that efficient water management requires coordination across multiple levels and the implementation of technologies tailored to the context. Three cases were analyzed in which wastewater treatment and reuse systems were integrated, demonstrating the technical feasibility and positive impact of these technologies in different mining environments. The results indicate that, although solutions must be adapted to geographical and operational specificities, the circular water economy represents an effective alternative for improving sustainability in mining.