Multi-objective Optimization of Masonry Housing Systems for Sustainable Structural and Thermal Performance

This study proposes a sustainable, innovative approach to improving the structural resilience and energy performance of low-rise housing in seismic zones. It analyzes the structural and thermal behavior of residential buildings constructed with the two predominant masonry systems in Peru: structural and mixed masonry. Structural simulations were performed using software in accordance with national regulations and under high seismic hazard scenarios. A genetic algorithm (GA) was applied to optimize the design by simultaneously considering seismic stiffness, thermal comfort, and estimated cost criteria. The results show that both systems comply with regulatory drift limits. However, mixed masonry is more rigid and has lower total drift. The GA identified construction configurations that balance structural safety, energy efficiency, and economic viability. These findings contribute to sustainable housing development and support multi-criteria decision-making in emerging economies.