TY - JOUR
T1 - Basic psychological needs satisfaction
T2 - an international examination of invariance across 22 languages and 32 countries
AU - Grubbs, Joshua B.
AU - Tóth-Király, István
AU - Nagy, Léna
AU - Koós, Mónika
AU - Kraus, Shane W.
AU - Demetrovics, Zsolt
AU - Potenza, Marc N.
AU - Ballester-Arnal, Rafael
AU - Batthyány, Dominik
AU - Bergeron, Sophie
AU - Billieux, Joël
AU - Briken, Peer
AU - Burkauskas, Julius
AU - Cárdenas-López, Georgina
AU - Carvalho, Joana
AU - Castro-Calvo, Jesús
AU - Chen, Lijun
AU - Strong, Carol
AU - Ciocca, Giacomo
AU - Corazza, Ornella
AU - Csako, Rita I.
AU - Fernandez, David P.
AU - Fujiwara, Hironobu
AU - Fernandez, Elaine F.
AU - Fuss, Johannes
AU - Gabrhelík, Roman
AU - Gewirtz-Meydan, Ateret
AU - Gjoneska, Biljana
AU - Gola, Mateusz
AU - Hashim, Hashim T.
AU - Islam, Md Saiful
AU - Ismail, Mustafa
AU - Jiménez-Martínez, Martha C.
AU - Jurin, Tanja
AU - Kalina, Ondrej
AU - Klein, Verena
AU - Költő, András
AU - Lee, Sang Kyu
AU - Lewczuk, Karol
AU - Lin, Chung Ying
AU - Lochner, Christine
AU - López-Alvarado, Silvia
AU - Lukavská, Kateřina
AU - Mayta-Tristán, Percy
AU - Miller, Dan J.
AU - Orosová, Oľga
AU - Orosz, Gábor
AU - Ponce, Fernando P.
AU - Quintana, Gonzalo R.
AU - Ramos-Diaz, Jano
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.
PY - 2025/10
Y1 - 2025/10
N2 - Basic psychological needs are purported to be essential ingredients to human well-being. In recent years, the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS) has arguably emerged as the most widely used measure of Basic Psychological Needs. Since its original publication in 2015, the BPNSFS has been translated across multiple languages, applied in numerous settings, and adapted to various contexts. Nonetheless, limited research has examined the psychometric qualities of the scale in a global context. Accordingly, the present work sought to establish the measurement invariance of the BPNSFS across 32 countries and 22 languages. Additionally, this study examined such invariance across gender and sexual orientation. Using data (N = 76,597) from a recently collected international consortium (The International Sex Survey), the structure and psychometric properties of the BPNSFS were evaluated. Across nationalities, languages, sexual orientations, and gender identity, the original, 6-factor structure of the BPNSFS was found to demonstrate partial-to-strong measurement invariance. Collectively, these results provide support for the 6-factor structure of the inventory and suggest that the measure is a reliable measure of basic psychological needs across the globe, further illustrating the cross-cultural utility of the scale.
AB - Basic psychological needs are purported to be essential ingredients to human well-being. In recent years, the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS) has arguably emerged as the most widely used measure of Basic Psychological Needs. Since its original publication in 2015, the BPNSFS has been translated across multiple languages, applied in numerous settings, and adapted to various contexts. Nonetheless, limited research has examined the psychometric qualities of the scale in a global context. Accordingly, the present work sought to establish the measurement invariance of the BPNSFS across 32 countries and 22 languages. Additionally, this study examined such invariance across gender and sexual orientation. Using data (N = 76,597) from a recently collected international consortium (The International Sex Survey), the structure and psychometric properties of the BPNSFS were evaluated. Across nationalities, languages, sexual orientations, and gender identity, the original, 6-factor structure of the BPNSFS was found to demonstrate partial-to-strong measurement invariance. Collectively, these results provide support for the 6-factor structure of the inventory and suggest that the measure is a reliable measure of basic psychological needs across the globe, further illustrating the cross-cultural utility of the scale.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105017859781
U2 - 10.1007/s11031-025-10151-z
DO - 10.1007/s11031-025-10151-z
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105017859781
SN - 0146-7239
VL - 49
SP - 552
EP - 574
JO - Motivation and Emotion
JF - Motivation and Emotion
IS - 5
ER -