El tratamiento legal y jurisprudencial del síndrome de alienación parental en América Latina: un análisis comparado desde el principio del interés superior del niño

Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) is a complex issue that affects the emotional well-being of minors and directly impacts the protection of their best interests. In Latin America, the absence of a uniform regulatory framework has led to disparate approaches in judicial systems, limiting the effectiveness of protective measures in custody proceedings. This study aims to comparatively analyze legal and jurisprudential responses to Parental Alienation Syndrome in Peru, Argentina, and Brazil, using a qualitative approach based on documentary analysis of regulations and case law. The analysis was complemented by semi-structured interviews with experts in comparative law, allowing for a comprehensive and multidimensional evaluation. The results show that while Peru and Argentina address the phenomenon indirectly through regulations on children's rights and domestic violence, Brazil has a specific law (Law No. 12,318/2010), although its application has been controversial. It is concluded that the lack of legal and scientific consensus on PAS weakens the capacity of legal systems to guarantee the comprehensive protection of minors. The study highlights the urgency of harmonizing regulations in the region, promoting an interdisciplinary approach that articulates law, psychology, and child protection.