Factores materno-perinatales asociados con ingreso a cuidados intensivos en neonatos de madres seropositivas a SARS-CoV-2

Introduction: In newborns to mothers with COVID-19 infection, there is a risk of presenting greater morbidity, as they have a lower immune response compared to adults. Objective: To evaluate maternal-perinatal factors associated with admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of mothers seropositive for SARS-CoV-2. Methods: A study was conducted at the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, of Lima, Peru, in 2020, with an observational analytical design of cases and controls. The sample consisted of neonates whose mothers had positive serology for SARS-CoV-2 before delivery. Maternal-neonatal characteristics were compared between newborns admitted to the NICU (cases) and those not admitted to the NICU (controls). Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed with a significance of 0.05, as well as multiple logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Of the studied neonates, 120 were admitted to the NICU for COVID-19 (cases); 480 made up the control group (not admitted to the NICU). Maternal-neonatal factors associated with NICU admission were maternal morbidity with OR = 3.313 (95 % CI: 2.135-5.142), maternal symptomatology related to COVID-19 with OR = 3.045, (95 % CI: 0.747-12.516) and positive infant PCR test with OR = 2.403 (95 % CI: 0.608-9.487). Conclusions: Intensive care admission in neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 is associated with maternal obstetric disease independent of COVID-19 symptomatology.